Phenotypic and genome-wide association analyses for nitrogen use efficiency related traits in maize (Zea mays L.) exotic introgression lines

Nitrogen (N) limits crop production, yet more than half of N fertilizer inputs are lost to the environment.Developing maize hybrids with improved N use efficiency can help minimize N losses and in turn reduce adverse ecological, economical, and health consequences.This study aimed to identify single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with a

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